{
  "paper_doi": "10.1109/TCSI.2026.3667103",
  "recorded_on": "2026-10-07",
  "provenance": "User-provided final journal PDF; tables visually checked. Prior-work rows are transcribed from this paper, not independently reproduced.",
  "table_locators": {
    "I": {
      "pdf_page": 7,
      "printed_page": 3416
    },
    "II": {
      "pdf_page": 10,
      "printed_page": 3419
    },
    "III": {
      "pdf_page": 11,
      "printed_page": 3420
    },
    "IV": {
      "pdf_page": 12,
      "printed_page": 3421
    }
  },
  "reported_formulas": {
    "atp": "(LUT + 100*DSP + 300*BRAM)*latency_us/1000",
    "tp": "n * No. of bits(q) / latency_us",
    "tp_column_unit_as_printed": "MB/s"
  },
  "unit_analysis": "The printed TP formula yields Mbit/s when latency is in microseconds. Divide by 8 for decimal MB/s. No pipeline II has been established.",
  "table_I_numeric_columns": [
    {
      "scheme_label": "Kyber",
      "k": 12,
      "q_reported": 3329,
      "u_reported": 5040,
      "u_floor_recomputed": 5039
    },
    {
      "scheme_label": "Aigis",
      "k": 13,
      "q_reported": 7681,
      "u_reported": 8736,
      "u_floor_recomputed": 8736
    },
    {
      "scheme_label": "Falcon",
      "k": 14,
      "q_reported": 12289,
      "u_reported": 21843,
      "u_floor_recomputed": 21843
    },
    {
      "scheme_label": "LIMA",
      "k": 17,
      "q_reported": 133121,
      "u_reported": 129054,
      "u_floor_recomputed": 129054
    },
    {
      "scheme_label": "qTESLA v2.0",
      "k": 22,
      "q_reported": 4206593,
      "u_reported": 4182050,
      "u_floor_recomputed": 4182050
    },
    {
      "scheme_label": "Dilithium",
      "k": 23,
      "q_reported": 8380417,
      "u_reported": 8396807,
      "u_floor_recomputed": 8396807
    },
    {
      "scheme_label": "qTESLA",
      "k": 23,
      "q_reported": 8404993,
      "u_reported": 8372254,
      "u_floor_recomputed": 8372254
    }
  ],
  "table_II_numeric_columns": [
    {
      "method": "Montgomery",
      "pipeline_stages": 3,
      "lut": 198,
      "ff": 156,
      "carry8": 13
    },
    {
      "method": "Barrett",
      "pipeline_stages": 3,
      "lut": 135,
      "ff": 92,
      "carry8": 8
    },
    {
      "method": "Fast modular reduction",
      "pipeline_stages": 3,
      "lut": 56,
      "ff": 0,
      "carry8": 4
    },
    {
      "method": "K2-RED",
      "pipeline_stages": 1,
      "lut": 82,
      "ff": 7,
      "carry8": 8
    },
    {
      "method": "Ours (optimized Barrett)",
      "pipeline_stages": 2,
      "lut": 84,
      "ff": 5,
      "carry8": 7
    }
  ],
  "table_II_q": 8380417,
  "table_III_IV_reported_rows": [
    {
      "table": "III",
      "group": "NTT",
      "row_in_group": 1,
      "work": "[24]",
      "device_label": "Z7",
      "n": "256",
      "k": "23",
      "bu": "1",
      "frequency_mhz": "217",
      "latency_us": "1.22",
      "lut": "2386",
      "ff": "932",
      "bram": "1",
      "dsp": "8",
      "tp_reported": "4826 (-)",
      "atp_reported": "4.25 (0.83×)"
    },
    {
      "table": "III",
      "group": "NTT",
      "row_in_group": 2,
      "work": "[32]",
      "device_label": "A7",
      "n": "256",
      "k": "12",
      "bu": "4",
      "frequency_mhz": "273",
      "latency_us": "0.31",
      "lut": "4619",
      "ff": "4166",
      "bram": "8",
      "dsp": "18",
      "tp_reported": "9910 (1.11×)",
      "atp_reported": "2.71 (0.99×)"
    },
    {
      "table": "III",
      "group": "NTT",
      "row_in_group": 3,
      "work": "[13]",
      "device_label": "V7",
      "n": "1024",
      "k": "14",
      "bu": "2",
      "frequency_mhz": "250",
      "latency_us": "4.8",
      "lut": "2953",
      "ff": "1875",
      "bram": "5.5",
      "dsp": "27",
      "tp_reported": "2987 (-)",
      "atp_reported": "19.51 (1.55×)"
    },
    {
      "table": "III",
      "group": "NTT",
      "row_in_group": 4,
      "work": "[33]",
      "device_label": "A7",
      "n": "1024",
      "k": "14",
      "bu": "4",
      "frequency_mhz": "240",
      "latency_us": "5.4",
      "lut": "957",
      "ff": "890",
      "bram": "3",
      "dsp": "4",
      "tp_reported": "2655 (4.58×)",
      "atp_reported": "12.18 (0.97×)"
    },
    {
      "table": "III",
      "group": "NTT",
      "row_in_group": 5,
      "work": "[34]",
      "device_label": "V7",
      "n": "256",
      "k": "12",
      "bu": "4",
      "frequency_mhz": "234",
      "latency_us": "0.96",
      "lut": "1.3k",
      "ff": "0.8k",
      "bram": "0",
      "dsp": "4",
      "tp_reported": "3200 (3.43×)",
      "atp_reported": "2.4 (1.14×)"
    },
    {
      "table": "III",
      "group": "NTT",
      "row_in_group": 6,
      "work": "[34]",
      "device_label": "V7",
      "n": "256",
      "k": "23",
      "bu": "4",
      "frequency_mhz": "256",
      "latency_us": "1.1",
      "lut": "2.2k",
      "ff": "1.9k",
      "bram": "0",
      "dsp": "8",
      "tp_reported": "5353 (3.14×)",
      "atp_reported": "5.39 (0.96×)"
    },
    {
      "table": "III",
      "group": "NTT",
      "row_in_group": 7,
      "work": "[35]",
      "device_label": "V7",
      "n": "256",
      "k": "12",
      "bu": "8",
      "frequency_mhz": "250",
      "latency_us": "2.4",
      "lut": "3.8k",
      "ff": "2.6k",
      "bram": "3",
      "dsp": "8",
      "tp_reported": "1280",
      "atp_reported": "13.2"
    },
    {
      "table": "III",
      "group": "NTT",
      "row_in_group": 8,
      "work": "[35]",
      "device_label": "V7",
      "n": "256",
      "k": "23",
      "bu": "8",
      "frequency_mhz": "243",
      "latency_us": "2.1",
      "lut": "4.3k",
      "ff": "3.6k",
      "bram": "6",
      "dsp": "16",
      "tp_reported": "2804",
      "atp_reported": "23.73"
    },
    {
      "table": "III",
      "group": "NTT",
      "row_in_group": 9,
      "work": "Ours",
      "device_label": "A7",
      "n": "256",
      "k": "12",
      "bu": "4",
      "frequency_mhz": "264",
      "latency_us": "0.28",
      "lut": "3104",
      "ff": "2240",
      "bram": "12",
      "dsp": "32",
      "tp_reported": "10971",
      "atp_reported": "2.74"
    },
    {
      "table": "III",
      "group": "NTT",
      "row_in_group": 10,
      "work": "Ours",
      "device_label": "X6",
      "n": "256",
      "k": "23",
      "bu": "4",
      "frequency_mhz": "227",
      "latency_us": "0.35",
      "lut": "7984",
      "ff": "6280",
      "bram": "12",
      "dsp": "32",
      "tp_reported": "16823",
      "atp_reported": "5.15"
    },
    {
      "table": "III",
      "group": "NTT",
      "row_in_group": 11,
      "work": "Ours",
      "device_label": "V7",
      "n": "1024",
      "k": "14",
      "bu": "4",
      "frequency_mhz": "250",
      "latency_us": "1.18",
      "lut": "3916",
      "ff": "3224",
      "bram": "12",
      "dsp": "32",
      "tp_reported": "12149",
      "atp_reported": "12.602"
    },
    {
      "table": "IV",
      "group": "CTC",
      "row_in_group": 1,
      "work": "[11]",
      "device_label": "V7",
      "n": "256",
      "k": "13",
      "bu": "4",
      "frequency_mhz": "278",
      "latency_us": "2.2",
      "lut": "1288",
      "ff": "888",
      "bram": "4.5",
      "dsp": "12",
      "tp_reported": "1513 (2.25×)",
      "atp_reported": "8.41 (0.84×)"
    },
    {
      "table": "IV",
      "group": "CTC",
      "row_in_group": 2,
      "work": "[11]",
      "device_label": "V7",
      "n": "256",
      "k": "13",
      "bu": "8",
      "frequency_mhz": "256",
      "latency_us": "1.2",
      "lut": "6245",
      "ff": "1864",
      "bram": "12",
      "dsp": "24",
      "tp_reported": "2773 (1.42×)",
      "atp_reported": "14.68 (0.89×)"
    },
    {
      "table": "IV",
      "group": "CTC",
      "row_in_group": 3,
      "work": "[32]",
      "device_label": "A7",
      "n": "256",
      "k": "12",
      "bu": "4",
      "frequency_mhz": "273",
      "latency_us": "1.13",
      "lut": "4619",
      "ff": "4166",
      "bram": "16",
      "dsp": "8",
      "tp_reported": "2722 (1.25×)",
      "atp_reported": "11.53 (1.15×)"
    },
    {
      "table": "IV",
      "group": "CTC",
      "row_in_group": 4,
      "work": "Ours",
      "device_label": "A7",
      "n": "256",
      "k": "12",
      "bu": "4",
      "frequency_mhz": "264",
      "latency_us": "0.9",
      "lut": "3104",
      "ff": "2240",
      "bram": "16",
      "dsp": "32",
      "tp_reported": "3408",
      "atp_reported": "10.01"
    },
    {
      "table": "IV",
      "group": "CTC",
      "row_in_group": 5,
      "work": "Ours",
      "device_label": "A7",
      "n": "256",
      "k": "12",
      "bu": "8",
      "frequency_mhz": "247",
      "latency_us": "0.78",
      "lut": "6456",
      "ff": "5440",
      "bram": "28",
      "dsp": "64",
      "tp_reported": "3938",
      "atp_reported": "16.58"
    },
    {
      "table": "IV",
      "group": "CTC",
      "row_in_group": 6,
      "work": "[9]",
      "device_label": "X6",
      "n": "256",
      "k": "23",
      "bu": "4",
      "frequency_mhz": "250",
      "latency_us": "4",
      "lut": "5478",
      "ff": "4955",
      "bram": "6",
      "dsp": "12",
      "tp_reported": "1475 (3.22)",
      "atp_reported": "33.84 (1.7×)"
    },
    {
      "table": "IV",
      "group": "CTC",
      "row_in_group": 7,
      "work": "[9]",
      "device_label": "X6",
      "n": "256",
      "k": "23",
      "bu": "8",
      "frequency_mhz": "220",
      "latency_us": "2.5",
      "lut": "11006",
      "ff": "8791",
      "bram": "12",
      "dsp": "24",
      "tp_reported": "2355 (2.12)",
      "atp_reported": "42.52 (1.22)"
    },
    {
      "table": "IV",
      "group": "CTC",
      "row_in_group": 8,
      "work": "[9]",
      "device_label": "X6",
      "n": "256",
      "k": "23",
      "bu": "16",
      "frequency_mhz": "194",
      "latency_us": "1.98",
      "lut": "26250",
      "ff": "15171",
      "bram": "24",
      "dsp": "48",
      "tp_reported": "2973 (1.69×)*",
      "atp_reported": "75.91 (-)"
    },
    {
      "table": "IV",
      "group": "CTC",
      "row_in_group": 9,
      "work": "[12]",
      "device_label": "A7",
      "n": "256",
      "k": "23",
      "bu": "radix-16",
      "frequency_mhz": "183",
      "latency_us": "0.87",
      "lut": "12720",
      "ff": "7834",
      "bram": "14.5",
      "dsp": "8",
      "tp_reported": "606",
      "atp_reported": "26.02"
    },
    {
      "table": "IV",
      "group": "CTC",
      "row_in_group": 10,
      "work": "Ours",
      "device_label": "X6",
      "n": "256",
      "k": "23",
      "bu": "4",
      "frequency_mhz": "227",
      "latency_us": "1.24",
      "lut": "7984",
      "ff": "6280",
      "bram": "16",
      "dsp": "32",
      "tp_reported": "4748",
      "atp_reported": "19.86"
    },
    {
      "table": "IV",
      "group": "CTC",
      "row_in_group": 11,
      "work": "Ours",
      "device_label": "X6",
      "n": "256",
      "k": "23",
      "bu": "8",
      "frequency_mhz": "205",
      "latency_us": "1.11",
      "lut": "16472",
      "ff": "14400",
      "bram": "28",
      "dsp": "64",
      "tp_reported": "5319",
      "atp_reported": "34.62"
    },
    {
      "table": "IV",
      "group": "CTC",
      "row_in_group": 12,
      "work": "[11]",
      "device_label": "V-7",
      "n": "1024",
      "k": "14",
      "bu": "4",
      "frequency_mhz": "189",
      "latency_us": "15.07",
      "lut": "1467",
      "ff": "930",
      "bram": "4.5",
      "dsp": "13",
      "tp_reported": "951 (3.72×)",
      "atp_reported": "62.06 (1.29×)"
    },
    {
      "table": "IV",
      "group": "CTC",
      "row_in_group": 13,
      "work": "[11]",
      "device_label": "V-7",
      "n": "1024",
      "k": "14",
      "bu": "8",
      "frequency_mhz": "179",
      "latency_us": "8.05",
      "lut": "3472",
      "ff": "1789",
      "bram": "7.5",
      "dsp": "25",
      "tp_reported": "1781 (3.10×)",
      "atp_reported": "66.19 (1.14×)"
    },
    {
      "table": "IV",
      "group": "CTC",
      "row_in_group": 14,
      "work": "[11]",
      "device_label": "V-7",
      "n": "1024",
      "k": "14",
      "bu": "16",
      "frequency_mhz": "172",
      "latency_us": "4.28",
      "lut": "8515",
      "ff": "3618",
      "bram": "12",
      "dsp": "49",
      "tp_reported": "3350 (1.65×)*",
      "atp_reported": "72.91 (-)"
    },
    {
      "table": "IV",
      "group": "CTC",
      "row_in_group": 15,
      "work": "Ours",
      "device_label": "V7",
      "n": "1024",
      "k": "14",
      "bu": "4",
      "frequency_mhz": "250",
      "latency_us": "4.05",
      "lut": "3916",
      "ff": "3224",
      "bram": "16",
      "dsp": "32",
      "tp_reported": "3538",
      "atp_reported": "48.28"
    },
    {
      "table": "IV",
      "group": "CTC",
      "row_in_group": 16,
      "work": "Ours",
      "device_label": "V7",
      "n": "1024",
      "k": "14",
      "bu": "8",
      "frequency_mhz": "229",
      "latency_us": "2.6",
      "lut": "7640",
      "ff": "6336",
      "bram": "28",
      "dsp": "64",
      "tp_reported": "5514",
      "atp_reported": "58.21"
    },
    {
      "table": "IV",
      "group": "RTC",
      "row_in_group": 1,
      "work": "[22]",
      "device_label": "A7",
      "n": "512",
      "k": "14",
      "bu": "8",
      "frequency_mhz": "186",
      "latency_us": "5.9",
      "lut": "11000",
      "ff": "5182",
      "bram": "64",
      "dsp": "12",
      "tp_reported": "1215 (-)",
      "atp_reported": "185.3 (1.75)"
    },
    {
      "table": "IV",
      "group": "RTC",
      "row_in_group": 2,
      "work": "[22]",
      "device_label": "A7",
      "n": "256",
      "k": "23",
      "bu": "8",
      "frequency_mhz": "140",
      "latency_us": "5.307",
      "lut": "11000",
      "ff": "5182",
      "bram": "64",
      "dsp": "12",
      "tp_reported": "1109 (-)",
      "atp_reported": "166.7 (2.7×)"
    },
    {
      "table": "IV",
      "group": "RTC",
      "row_in_group": 3,
      "work": "[22]",
      "device_label": "A7",
      "n": "512",
      "k": "14",
      "bu": "32",
      "frequency_mhz": "126",
      "latency_us": "3.4",
      "lut": "63000",
      "ff": "18000",
      "bram": "48",
      "dsp": "256",
      "tp_reported": "2108 (-)",
      "atp_reported": "350.2 (-)"
    },
    {
      "table": "IV",
      "group": "RTC",
      "row_in_group": 4,
      "work": "[22]",
      "device_label": "A7",
      "n": "256",
      "k": "23",
      "bu": "32",
      "frequency_mhz": "126",
      "latency_us": "2.74",
      "lut": "63000",
      "ff": "18000",
      "bram": "48",
      "dsp": "256",
      "tp_reported": "2150 (2.68×)§",
      "atp_reported": "282.22 (-)"
    },
    {
      "table": "IV",
      "group": "RTC",
      "row_in_group": 5,
      "work": "[23]",
      "device_label": "A7",
      "n": "256",
      "k": "24",
      "bu": "8",
      "frequency_mhz": "140",
      "latency_us": "3.86",
      "lut": "11100",
      "ff": "8700",
      "bram": "4",
      "dsp": "32",
      "tp_reported": "1591 (-)",
      "atp_reported": "59.83 (0.97)"
    },
    {
      "table": "IV",
      "group": "RTC",
      "row_in_group": 6,
      "work": "[23]",
      "device_label": "A7",
      "n": "256",
      "k": "24",
      "bu": "32",
      "frequency_mhz": "135",
      "latency_us": "2.63",
      "lut": "44800",
      "ff": "34500",
      "bram": "16",
      "dsp": "128",
      "tp_reported": "2336 (2.47×)§",
      "atp_reported": "164.11 (-)"
    },
    {
      "table": "IV",
      "group": "RTC",
      "row_in_group": 7,
      "work": "Ours",
      "device_label": "A7",
      "n": "256",
      "k": "12",
      "bu": "16",
      "frequency_mhz": "184",
      "latency_us": "0.71",
      "lut": "32240",
      "ff": "27744",
      "bram": "52",
      "dsp": "128",
      "tp_reported": "4326",
      "atp_reported": "43.05"
    },
    {
      "table": "IV",
      "group": "RTC",
      "row_in_group": 8,
      "work": "Ours",
      "device_label": "A7",
      "n": "256",
      "k": "23",
      "bu": "16",
      "frequency_mhz": "184",
      "latency_us": "1.02",
      "lut": "32240",
      "ff": "27744",
      "bram": "52",
      "dsp": "128",
      "tp_reported": "5772",
      "atp_reported": "61.85"
    },
    {
      "table": "IV",
      "group": "RTC",
      "row_in_group": 9,
      "work": "Ours",
      "device_label": "A7",
      "n": "1024",
      "k": "14",
      "bu": "16",
      "frequency_mhz": "184",
      "latency_us": "1.75",
      "lut": "32240",
      "ff": "27744",
      "bram": "52",
      "dsp": "128",
      "tp_reported": "8192",
      "atp_reported": "106.1"
    }
  ],
  "table_IV_footnotes": [
    "PolyMul consists of two NTTs, one point-wise multiplication and one INTT.",
    "TP comparisons marked * use the authors 8-BU configuration; those marked § use the authors 16-BU configuration.",
    "V7/V-7, A7, X6, and Z7 labels are preserved as printed. Check explicit device parts for reproduction."
  ],
  "recomputed_ours_rows": [
    {
      "table": "III",
      "group": "NTT",
      "row_in_group": 9,
      "area_equiv": 9904,
      "atp_from_displayed_latency": 2.7731200000000005,
      "tp_mbit_s_from_displayed_latency": 10971.42857142857
    },
    {
      "table": "III",
      "group": "NTT",
      "row_in_group": 10,
      "area_equiv": 14784,
      "atp_from_displayed_latency": 5.1743999999999994,
      "tp_mbit_s_from_displayed_latency": 16822.857142857145
    },
    {
      "table": "III",
      "group": "NTT",
      "row_in_group": 11,
      "area_equiv": 10716,
      "atp_from_displayed_latency": 12.644879999999999,
      "tp_mbit_s_from_displayed_latency": 12149.152542372882
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    {
      "table": "IV",
      "group": "CTC",
      "row_in_group": 4,
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      "tp_mbit_s_from_displayed_latency": 3413.333333333333
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    {
      "table": "IV",
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    {
      "table": "IV",
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      "tp_mbit_s_from_displayed_latency": 4748.387096774193
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    {
      "table": "IV",
      "group": "CTC",
      "row_in_group": 11,
      "area_equiv": 31272,
      "atp_from_displayed_latency": 34.711920000000006,
      "tp_mbit_s_from_displayed_latency": 5304.504504504504
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    {
      "table": "IV",
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      "area_equiv": 11916,
      "atp_from_displayed_latency": 48.2598,
      "tp_mbit_s_from_displayed_latency": 3539.7530864197533
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    {
      "table": "IV",
      "group": "CTC",
      "row_in_group": 16,
      "area_equiv": 22440,
      "atp_from_displayed_latency": 58.344,
      "tp_mbit_s_from_displayed_latency": 5513.846153846153
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    {
      "table": "IV",
      "group": "RTC",
      "row_in_group": 7,
      "area_equiv": 60640,
      "atp_from_displayed_latency": 43.0544,
      "tp_mbit_s_from_displayed_latency": 4326.760563380282
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    {
      "table": "IV",
      "group": "RTC",
      "row_in_group": 8,
      "area_equiv": 60640,
      "atp_from_displayed_latency": 61.8528,
      "tp_mbit_s_from_displayed_latency": 5772.549019607843
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    {
      "table": "IV",
      "group": "RTC",
      "row_in_group": 9,
      "area_equiv": 60640,
      "atp_from_displayed_latency": 106.12,
      "tp_mbit_s_from_displayed_latency": 8192.0
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  ],
  "recomputation_note": "Based on displayed/rounded source values. Differences are preserved rather than silently overwriting reported values.",
  "unknowns": [
    "Exact cycles for every design point",
    "Initiation interval",
    "End-to-end host/configuration/I/O timing boundary",
    "Power activity trace and matching execution interval",
    "Exact unrounded source latencies",
    "Independent implementation details for cited baseline rows"
  ]
}